This presentation provides a comprehensive overview of leprosy, a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae. The study delves into the historical context of the disease, tracing its impact on societies across different eras. It explores the causative agent, Mycobacterium leprae, examining its characteristics and mechanisms of transmission. Furthermore, the presentation elucidates the intricate pathogenesis of leprosy, analyzing the host-pathogen interactions that lead to the diverse clinical manifestations of the disease. In addition, current treatment strategies, including multidrug therapy, and preventive measures are discussed.