This section explains what English traditions are and why they are useful for understanding the culture of England. It introduces the distinction between England and the United Kingdom, formulates the main questions of the project and briefly presents the traditions selected for further study.

This theoretical section describes how medieval customs, Christianity, royal institutions and important historical events influenced English culture. It explains why some traditions have survived for centuries and how their original meanings have changed in modern society.

The section examines everyday rules connected with politeness, greetings, personal space, punctuality and queuing. It also shows how family meals, respect for privacy and careful language are represented in ordinary communication between people in England.

This part presents Christmas, Boxing Day, Easter and Guy Fawkes Night, as well as royal ceremonies and the changing of the guard. Each example includes its date, historical background, typical activities and place in contemporary English cultural life.

This section focuses on afternoon tea, the Sunday roast, fish and chips, cricket and tennis. The examples demonstrate how food, sport and leisure combine historical customs with regular activities that are still recognizable to people in England.

The practical section explains how a short questionnaire can measure classmates’ knowledge of English customs. It describes the questions, the number of participants, the procedure for collecting answers and the method used to summarize the results objectively.

This section presents the structure of the final product in English: thematic vocabulary, short explanations, illustrations and cultural examples. It also explains how the information is divided between slides so that the presentation remains accurate, understandable and visually clear.

The practical comparison identifies similarities and differences between selected English and Russian customs. It considers family celebrations, food, hospitality, public behaviour and holidays, helping students avoid stereotypes and describe cultural differences using appropriate English vocabulary.

The final section summarizes the main cultural facts and explains how historical events are connected with present-day habits. It records what the survey and comparison revealed, identifies the most recognizable traditions and emphasizes the value of cultural knowledge in English communication.

This section contains the books, educational websites, museum pages and other sources used to prepare the project. The references are arranged so that the reader can check historical dates, cultural descriptions, information about holidays and facts concerning food, sport and ceremonies.